simran suri
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria primarily affect the lungs, but they can also target other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, spine, and brain.
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The spread of TB usually occurs when an infected person coughs or sneezes, releasing bacteria into the air, which can then be inhaled by others.
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However, not everyone exposed to TB bacteria becomes infected. Several other factors can contribute to the development of active TB disease:
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Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, malnutrition, or certain medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, cancer), are more susceptible to TB infection.
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Spending prolonged time with someone who has active TB disease increases the risk of transmission.
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Overcrowded and poorly ventilated environments facilitate the spread of TB bacteria.
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Traveling to or living in regions with a high prevalence of TB increases the likelihood of exposure to the bacteria.
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Excessive alcohol or drug use can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to TB infection.
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