Over 2 billion people globally face micronutrient deficiencies. Recent data from the Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (2022-2023) shows a drop in food spending among Indians, indicating a shift towards processed foods over fresh produce.
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A Lancet study reveals widespread deficiencies in key nutrients among Indians, including iron, calcium, and folate. Women are notably more likely to be deficient in iodine.
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This trend highlights a "double burden" of malnutrition in India, where undernutrition and deficiencies coexist with rising obesity and diet-related diseases within the same communities.
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Here are some reasons why iron deficiency is prevalent:
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Traditional Indian diets often rely heavily on plant-based foods, which can be low in iron. While plant foods like spinach and lentils do contain iron, it's not as easily absorbed as the iron from animal sources.
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Many staple Indian foods, such as whole grains and legumes, contain phytates, which can inhibit iron absorption in the body.
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Certain foods and drinks, like tea and coffee, contain compounds that can interfere with iron absorption when consumed in large quantities.
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Limited access to a variety of foods and higher costs of iron-rich foods can affect dietary choices and lead to insufficient iron intake.
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