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The LH & FSH test measures the levels of two key hormones - follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the blood. These hormones are vital for hormonal function and overall reproductive health in both males and females. 

In females, FSH stimulates the growth and recruitment of immature ovarian follicles in the ovary.When the follicle matures and reaches 8–10 mm in diameter it starts to secrete significant amounts of estradiol. The sharp increase in estradiol production by the dominant follicle causes  an LH surge. LH levels rise just before ovulation to trigger the release of a mature egg. This way, FSH levels help assess ovarian function in females. In males, FSH levels help assess testicular function. It helps in the production and maturation of sperm, while LH stimulates testosterone production.

The levels of these hormones are typically low during younger ages. However, as adolescence approaches, the brain starts producing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). GnRH stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH. These gonadotropin hormones play a crucial role in the production of sex hormones such as testosterone, which are responsible for initiating the changes of puberty and controlling reproductive function in both males and females. 

A Testosterone Total & Free test measures the total amount of testosterone in your body, including the testosterone that is bound to proteins: albumin and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and the testosterone that is free and not bound to proteins.