Parietal Cell Antibody

The Parietal Cell Antibody is a blood test that detects antibodies against the parietal cells of the stomach. It helps diagnose autoimmune atrophic gastritis and pernicious anemia, facilitating timely intervention to reduce symptoms and prevent long-term damage. 

Parietal cells (oxyntic cells) are special cells in the stomach lining that help secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion and produce intrinsic factors, which are essential for the absorption of vitamin B12. Parietal cell antibodies (PCA) are harmful antibodies that attack healthy parietal cells, resulting in reduced intrinsic factor production, making it harder for the body to absorb vitamin B12, and also lowering the amount of hydrochloric acid, which can affect digestion.

The Parietal Cell Antibody test is suggested for individuals who have symptoms such as ongoing stomach pain or inflammation, weakness, tiredness, or nerve problems. It is also recommended for those having immune-mediated deficiency of vitamin B12 or anemia, or for those with a family history of autoimmune disorders. This test indicates if the immune system is damaging the parietal cells in the stomach. It helps doctors track how the disease is progressing and how well the treatment is working, while also identifying people at risk for vitamin B12 deficiency.

Overnight fasting is preferred for this test but is not mandatory. Inform the doctor about all the medications or supplements being taken, as these factors may influence the test results. 

Lab test results may vary across laboratories. Talk to your doctor about your specific test results. Abnormal test results require expert interpretation. Therefore, never try to self-medicate based solely on these results. Always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results.