ANA/ENA 18 Antigens, Qualitative Profile, Blot/LIA near me in Madurai

The SS-B/La measures the presence of antibodies against the SS-B antigen in the blood. These antibodies are often associated with autoimmune disorders, particularly Sjorgen's syndrome. This test is used alongside SS-A (Ro) antibody test to help in the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome and other autoimmune diseases like Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Detecting SS-B antibodies helps doctors assess autoimmune activity, confirm diagnosis and differentiate between various autoimmune conditions. However, the presence of SS-B antibodies alone is not definitive, and results should be interpreted in conjunction with clinical symptoms and other laboratory findings.

The ds-DNA test detects the presence of antibodies specifically directed against the genetic material called double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) found in the nucleus of cells. These antibodies are often found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks its own DNA. A positive result means that these antibodies are present, suggesting active disease or flare-ups, especially in the kidneys. A negative result means the antibodies were not found, making SLE less likely but not ruling it out completely. This test helps doctors understand if the disease is active and monitor how well treatments are working.

The SmD1 test detects the presence of anti-Sm antibodies, often found in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a type of autoimmune disease. The SmD1 test specifically helps doctors diagnose lupus, as these antibodies are highly specific to the disease. A positive result for anti-SmD1 antibodies, along with other clinical signs and symptoms, may help confirm the diagnosis of SLE. However, not everyone with lupus will have these antibodies, and they can sometimes be present in other conditions. On the other hand, a negative result means that these specific antibodies were not detected in the blood. While a negative result makes SLE less likely, it doesn't completely rule it out, as some individuals with lupus may not have detectable anti-Sm antibodies. 

The PCNA, (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen) test detects antibodies against PCNA, a protein that plays a key role in DNA replication and repair. These antibodies are a rare type of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), considered highly specific for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and connective tissue disorders but can also be found in viral infections, or tumors. A positive result for PCNA antibodies may suggest the presence of these autoimmune conditions. A negative result in the PCNA test means that no antibodies against the PCNA protein were detected in the blood suggesting a lower likelihood of autoimmune diseases. However, the test is not used alone for diagnosis and is typically considered alongside other clinical findings and tests to help confirm an autoimmune disorder.

The P0 (RPP), also known as the Ribosome P Protein antibody test, checks for antibodies that attack the P0, P1, and P2 proteins found in the 60S subunit of the ribosome. These proteins are important for making proteins inside cells. The presence of these antibodies is often seen in people with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), especially those with neuropsychiatric symptoms like depression, confusion, or psychosis. The test is helpful for diagnosing neuropsychiatric lupus and can also indicate kidney problems in lupus patients.  A positive result suggests the presence of antibodies commonly associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), while a negative result typically means these specific antibodies are not present, though it doesn’t rule out lupus or other conditions.

The (test_name), also Anti-Dense Fine Speckled Protein 70 (Anti-DFS70) test detects antibodies targeting the DFS70 protein in the blood. These antibodies are often linked to autoimmune disorders, such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) or Sjögren's Syndrome. However, Anti-DFS70 antibodies can also appear in healthy individuals. This test is useful in identifying individuals who do not have an ANA-associated Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease (AARD), particularly when there are no significant clinical symptoms. When Anti-DFS70 antibodies are positive in isolation (without other AARD-associated antibodies), it can help prevent unnecessary tests for individuals who test positive for ANA but do not have an autoimmune condition.

The Ku antibody test is used to detect antibodies against the Ku protein, which is involved in DNA repair and other cellular processes. These antibodies are associated with certain autoimmune diseases, particularly systemic sclerosis, polymyositis and overlap syndrome such as MIxed Connective tissues disease( MCTD). This test is not commonly prescribed as other autoimmune tests but it is useful in diagnosing and differentiating between autoimmune conditions when patients presents with overlapping symptoms like muscle weakness, joint inflammation etc. The presence of Ku antibodies, along with clinical findings and other laboratory tests, helps doctors tailor treatment plans and better understand the patient's autoimmune profile.

The Mi-2 test checks for the presence of autoantibodies that target the Mi-2 nuclear antigen, a protein involved in gene regulation and muscle function. This test is used to help diagnose idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, such as Dermatomyositis (DM) and Polymyositis (PM), which are autoimmune diseases that cause muscle weakness and skin rashes. A positive result indicates the presence of Mi-2 antibodies, suggesting one of these conditions. A negative result means that the antibodies are not found, making these diseases less likely, but it doesn't completely rule them out. Additional tests may be needed for a more accurate diagnosis.

The Scl-70 test detects the presence of antibodies against the topoisomerase I enzyme, which plays a role in DNA replication and repair. The presence of these antibodies are associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc), also known as scleroderma. The test can help diagnose SSc, predict the risk of complications, and differentiate SSc from other similar autoimmune conditions. A positive test result suggests that the immune system may be attacking this enzyme, which can lead to tissue damage and fibrosis. A negative result typically means that these antibodies are not present, making systemic sclerosis less likely, though it doesn’t completely rule it out. Additional tests may be needed to confirm a diagnosis or explore other possible autoimmune conditions.